Merleau-Ponty's Interpretation of Machiavelli: Nationalism, Dynamic Perspectives, and the Fabric of Society

Abstract

This essay examines how Niccolò Machiavelli's political philosophy and Maurice Merleau-Ponty's phenomenology overlap, emphasizing how they both offer valuable perspectives on nationalism, government, and social cohesiveness. Merleau-Ponty frames nationalism as a relational and anticipatory construct shaped by dynamic encounters, emphasizing perception, embodiment, and the lived experience. Renowned for his pragmatism, Machiavelli sees nationalism as a tool for strategy, supporting measures like assimilation and eradication to maintain peace and consolidate power. By contrasting these viewpoints, the essay looks at how their theories handle the difficulties of contemporary leadership in a divided and globalized society. Shared elements like flexibility, foresight, and the function of symbols in promoting unity are highlighted in the analysis. Additionally, it assesses their applicability to current concerns such as technological disruption, international cooperation, and populism. Both scholars emphasize how leaders must carefully balance inclusion and coercion in order to preserve social harmony. In addition to broadening our knowledge of political theory, this synthesis provides practical advice for negotiating the challenges of governance in a changing global environment.